Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a considerable concern. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It explores various as

Lithium cobalt oxide compounds, denoted as LiCoO2, is a essential chemical compound. It possesses a fascinating crystal structure that facilitates its exceptional properties. This triangular is lithium cobalt oxide toxic oxide exhibits a high lithium ion conductivity, making it an suitable candidate for applications in rechargeable energy storage d